Best Free & Open-Source CAD/CAM Software for CNC Machining

CNC machining starts long before chips fly. The design, modeling, and toolpath preparation stages define accuracy, material use, and cycle time. But for small workshops and independent machinists, commercial CAD/CAM suites can cost more than the machine itself.

Fortunately, several free and open-source CAD/CAM tools now cover the full workflow – from 3D design to G-code simulation – offering strong value for learning, prototyping, or even light-production use.

Below are ten of the most capable options available in 2025.

1. FreeCAD

Best for: General 3D modeling, part design, and integrated CAM extensions.
FreeCAD is the most mature open-source 3D modeling environment. Its Path Workbench generates toolpaths directly for CNC milling and supports G-code export via post-processors. Features parametric modeling, assemblies, and plugins for machining simulation.
License: LGPL / Open Source.
Used by: Small CNC shops, hobby machinists, and educational labs.

2. Blender CAM

Best for: 3-axis and 3+2 CAM integrated in Blender.
Blender CAM adds machining capability to Blender’s powerful modeling engine. It supports roughing, finishing, and engraving strategies, plus toolpath visualization.
License: GPL / Open Source.
Used by: Prototype studios and artists producing molds or models via CNC.

3. PyCAM

Best for: Simple 3-axis milling and roughing/finishing operations.
PyCAM reads STL, DXF, or SVG files and generates standard G-code. It’s easy to install, supports parallel and circular toolpaths, and works well for educational or small-batch jobs.
License: GPL / Open Source.
Used by: Training centers and DIY CNC users.

4. HeeksCAD / HeeksCNC

Best for: Lightweight combined CAD and CAM for mechanical parts.
HeeksCAD offers solid modeling (based on OpenCascade) and toolpath generation through its CAM module. While no longer rapidly developed, it remains stable and ideal for Windows users needing an offline setup.
License: BSD / Open Source.
Used by: Machine shops using legacy Windows CNC setups.

5. Fusion 360 (Personal Use Edition)

Best for: Professional-grade 3D design and integrated CAM under a free license.
Autodesk Fusion 360’s personal edition includes 2.5-axis, 3-axis, and turning toolpaths, limited cloud storage, and hobby-grade licensing. Despite limitations (no simultaneous 5-axis), it’s the most complete free CAD/CAM environment available.
License: Freemium / Proprietary.
Used by: Small CNC job shops and hobby machinists.

6. DeskProto (Free Edition)

Best for: 2D/3D toolpathing and rotary machining.
DeskProto Free Edition supports STL/DXF import, 3-axis and rotary machining, and multiple setups. The commercial version adds 5-axis and nesting, but the free tier is fully usable for hobby or small production.
License: Freemium / Proprietary.
Used by: Modelmakers, educators, and jewelry prototyping workshops.

7. OpenSCAD

Best for: Parametric and script-driven part design.
OpenSCAD focuses purely on modeling via code – perfect for repeatable mechanical parts and jigs. It pairs well with external CAM tools like PyCAM or FreeCAD for toolpath creation.
License: GPL / Open Source.
Used by: Programmers, engineers, and research labs.

8. jscut

Best for: Browser-based 2D CAM for laser and CNC routers.
jscut is a lightweight web CAM app converting SVG designs into G-code for cutting and engraving. Simple but effective for flat-sheet machining or wood routing.
License: MIT / Open Source.
Used by: Makerspaces and small woodworking CNC setups.

9. Camotics

Best for: G-code simulation and toolpath verification.
Camotics doesn’t generate toolpaths but simulates them with accurate 3D material removal. Essential for checking collisions, tool reach, and machining order before real runs.
License: GPL / Open Source.
Used by: Machinists validating CAM output from other tools.

10. Estlcam (Free Demo Mode)

Best for: Simple and intuitive 2.5D CAM.
Estlcam provides fast toolpath setup for routers and small mills, with G-code preview and customizable post-processors. Free version runs indefinitely with startup delay.
License: Freemium / Proprietary.
Used by: Small job shops, routers, and desktop CNC users.

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